EPH-International Journal of Business & Management Science
STUDENT PERCEPTIONS OF WORKPLACE ETHICS IN TOURISM & HOTEL MANAGEMENT COLLEGE
Ethics are a critical concern in the tourism and hospitality industry, where practitioners are faced daily with ethical dilemmas pertaining to customer handling, managerial decisions, and organizational practices. This paper presents an investigation into workplace ethics among third-year Bachelor of Tourism and Hotel Management students at different University in terms of perceptions, ethical challenges encountered, and decision-making patterns. A total of 120 students who completed the second-year industry internship were selected by simple random sampling. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire comprising 31 items-20 that assessed perceptions about workplace ethics, 6 that identified major ethical challenges, and 5 that measured ethical decision-making-rated on a 5-point Likert scale. The instrument showed good internal reliability as assessed by Cronbach's Alpha values above 0.70.These results indicated that the majority of students (60.83%) had positive perceptions, 29.16% neutral, and 10.01% negative perceptions of workplace ethics. Specific ethical challenges mentioned most included unclear workplace ethical guidelines (26.7%), unethical practices in handling guests (23.3%), and pressure from the supervisor to act unethically (18.3%). The established patterns in ethical decision-making showed that 26.7% of the students abide by ethical standards even in situations where pressure to act otherwise is high, and 16.7% reported feeling confused when faced with an actual ethical decision. The Chi-square test of independence demonstrated no significant relationship between gender and workplace ethical perception, χ²(2, N = 120) = 0.69, p = .708, thus there were no differences in ethical viewpoints among male and female students. Overall, results show disparate levels of ethical awareness in the students and that academic preparation, as well as internship experiences, both play an important role in shaping their ethical attitudes. The findings of this study provide useful input for educators and industry practitioners interested in enhancing ethics training and making internship environments more supportive within the hospitality industry.
Copyright (c) 2026 EPH-International Journal of Business & Management Science
STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS OF WEAVER WELL-BEING: MODELLING THE IMPACT OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS AND CRISIS FACTORS IN THE TAMIL NADU HANDLOOM SECTOR
The handloom industry in Tamil Nadu is a very important economic and cultural support, but it has serious sustainability problems caused by structural inefficiencies and modernization. This paper uses Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to examine the multifaceted relationships among demographic profiles, Socio-Economic Factors (SEF), Elements Causing Crisis (ECC), and Social Well-being (SW). The study uses a recursive model to test the direct and indirect channels of influence based on a survey of 1,000 weavers in seven major handloom centres. The findings suggest that demographic factors, in particular age and marital status, are strong predictors of socio-economic status and crisis perception, but gender does not have any statistically significant structural impact. In line with the Resource-Constraint framework, the model indicates that positive socio-economic conditions are very useful in promoting social well-being (β =0.368), which is a buffer to the adverse effects of industry crisis factors (β= -0.098). These results indicate that specific policy interventions are required, which focus on structural asset-building and collaborative modernization to reduce the elements of crisis and guarantee the long-term sustainability of this traditional craft.
FINANCIAL LITERACY LEVEL OF HIGHER EDUCATION ACADEMICIANS: EVIDENCE FROM BENGALURU
Financial Literacy and Financial Discipline lead to Financial Independence. This study examines the financial literacy level among higher education academicians in Bengaluru, focusing on three core dimensions: financial knowledge, financial attitude, and financial behaviour. A structured questionnaire based on OECD and NCFE frameworks was administered to 100 academicians through convenience sampling. Descriptive statistical analysis was employed to determine mean scores, standard deviations, and distribution patterns across items. Reliability of constructs was tested using Cronbach’s alpha, demonstrating satisfactory internal consistency. A t-test was performed to check the significance of the variables. Findings indicate that academicians exhibited a moderately high level of financial attitude and behaviour, while financial knowledge remained comparatively lower. The overall financial literacy index suggested that most respondents fell within the moderate to high literacy band. The study highlights implications for institutional financial capability building, curriculum redesign, and targeted financial education programs.
THE IMPACT OF WELFARE PROGRAMMES ON TRIBAL DEVELOPMENT IN JHARKHAND – CASE STUDY OF NAMKUM BLOCK OF RANCHI DISTRICT
Tribal communities in India remain among the most socio-economically marginalized groups despite decades of policy interventions. Jharkhand, with approximately 26% Scheduled Tribe (ST) population, has been a focal point of multiple welfare interventions aimed at improving health, education, livelihood, infrastructure, and social protection outcomes for tribal communities. This paper investigates the impact of welfare programmes on tribal development in Jharkhand, with a special focus on Namkum Block of Ranchi District. The study posits that targeted welfare programmes positively influence key development indicators such as income, education, employment, and livelihood diversification among tribal households. Employing an empirical analysis based on secondary data from government reports, scholarly research, and scheme evaluations, this research highlights both the achievements and gaps in programme implementation. Results indicate improvements in specific domains such as sericulture income and employment under schemes like MGNREGA, but persistent challenges in programme reach, awareness, and structural implementation inefficiencies. The paper concludes with recommendations for enhancing programme effectiveness and tailoring interventions to local tribal needs.
Copyright (c) 2025 EPH-International Journal of Business & Management Science
PREDICTIVE ANALYTICS FOR CUSTOMER CHURN PREVENTION IN THE RETAIL SECTOR
Customer churn is one of the most critical challenges faced by the retail industry in today’s highly competitive and data-driven market environment. Retaining existing customers is significantly more cost-effective than acquiring new ones, making churn prevention a strategic priority for retail organizations. This research paper explores the application of predictive analytics as a powerful tool for identifying, analyzing, and preventing customer churn in the retail sector. By leveraging historical customer data, transactional behavior, demographic variables, and engagement patterns, predictive models can forecast the likelihood of customer attrition with high accuracy. The study emphasizes the role of machine learning algorithms such as logistic regression, decision trees, random forests, and gradient boosting techniques in churn prediction. A structured research methodology is adopted involving data collection, preprocessing, model development, and evaluation. The results demonstrate that predictive analytics enables retailers to proactively target at-risk customers and implement personalized retention strategies, thereby enhancing customer lifetime value and profitability. The findings highlight the significance of integrating predictive insights into strategic decision-making and customer relationship management systems. The paper concludes by emphasizing that predictive analytics not only supports churn reduction but also fosters long-term customer loyalty and sustainable competitive advantage in the retail industry.
INFLUENCE OF PRODUCT PACKAGING ON IMPULSE BUYING BEHAVIOUR OF WOMEN SHOPPERS IN KERALA
In today’s retail world, product packaging is not just for protection; it also plays a key role in marketing and influences shoppers' purchase decisions. This study examines how various aspects of packaging, such as colour, design, shape, material, and labels, affect impulse buying among women in Kerala. The researcher has gathered data from 400 women shoppers at various organised retail outlets, specifically hypermarkets, using a structured questionnaire. Researchers used SPSS to explore the link between packaging features and impulse buying behaviour, using descriptive analysis, ANOVA, and regression. The results show a strong positive connection between product packaging and impulsive buying behaviour among women shoppers of organised retail shops in Kerala. Among packaging aspects, colour and design had the most tremendous impact, while labelling had a moderate effect. The study concludes that visually appealing packaging triggers emotional responses and encourages spontaneous purchases, underscoring the importance of incorporating psychological design elements into packaging strategies.
Copyright (c) 2021 EPH-International Journal of Business & Management Science
GREEN HOSPITALITY AND THE COMPETITIVENESS OF INDIAN TOURISM: MEASURING THE EFFECTS OF ECO-CERTIFIED HOTELS ON DESTINATION IMAGE, SATISFACTION, AND REVISIT INTENTION
Inorder to maintain a balance between economic growth and environmental sustainability for the rapidly growing tourism industry in India and protect India's unique and fragile cultural and natural resources throughout the country, there is a need for the "greening" of the hospitality industry. The "greening" of the hospitality industry will take place through environmentally friendly practices such as reducing waste, conserving water and energy, and implementing sustainable practices that fit each local area. This paper aims to explore the impact that green hospitality practices within Indian hotels will have upon tourists' perception of the destination's image, their perception of service quality, tourist satisfaction, and behavioral intention (revisit and word-of-mouth). This study will use the Stimulus–Organism–Response (S–O–R) paradigm and Value–Belief–Norm Theory to create a structural model linking perceived green practices (the stimulus), tourists' cognitive and affective evaluations (the organism), and subsequent behavioral responses (response). A survey instrument, using a structured questionnaire, was used to collect data from both domestic and international tourists who had stayed at eco-certified and non-eco-certified hotels in many of India's major tourist destinations, including hill stations, coastal states, and heritage circuits. To evaluate the measurement model, the structural model, compare eco-certified properties to non-eco-certified properties, and examine the mediating effects of perceived value and satisfaction, partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was applied to the data. This study will contribute to the literature by: (1) providing destination specific evidence related to green hospitality in an emerging market economy where little prior research exists; (2) clarifying the mechanisms through which green hospitality enhances destination competitiveness; and (3) offering a segmentation view of environmentally conscious versus conventional tourists. Managerially, the results of this study provide hotel managers and policy makers with justification for investing in green initiatives, guidelines for developing refined eco-certification standards, and strategic recommendations for communicating that green hospitality can be a competitive advantage for Indian tourism.
THE REPORT: AUSTRALIA TO BAN CHILDREN UNDER 16 FROM SOCIAL MEDIA”: A SYSTEMATIC SENTIMENT ANALYSIS OF MEDIA COVERAGE, SYNTHESIS OF EXPERT OPINIONS, BREAKDOWNS BY POLITICAL LEANINGS OR INTERNATIONAL REACTIONS, LEGISLATIVE TIMELINE & COMPARISONS WITH PAST TECH REGULATIONS & LOOPHOLES AND TECH INDUSTRY COMPLIANCE STRATEGIES
The growing use of the internet is affecting the patterns of interactions, specifically among people of a particular age group. This paradigm shift has many psychological and social implications for the population segment. All such changes have alarmed policymakers and prompted the need for new laws regulating the internet and social media in various parts of the world. Currently, many nations are implementing such regulations. Australia has taken the lead in formally banning social media for children and young people under the age of sixteen. Australia is not alone in this effort; other nations have also begun restricting social media. Formally prohibiting social media use sparked debate among intellectuals in the polity, leading to polemical discussions. The writing of this paper revolves around the analysis of the framing of such laws, focusing on Australia and comparing its differences with those of other nations, including the United Kingdom, the United States (specifically Florida), the European Union, and China. The study targeted the newspapers, Magazines, reports, online articles and blogs between July 2024 and June 2025. The sentiment analysis of such writings ultimately revealed mixed responses regarding the framing of such laws; some policymakers are concerned about safety, while others, who are more welfarist, are discussing the risk of state surveillance. Balancing the arguments, intellectuals underscore the complexity of the issue and the significant challenges involved in regulating online spaces effectively.
IMPACT OF EARNINGS VARIABILITY AND REGULATORY MEASURES ON INCOME SMOOTHING IN INDIAN BANKS: EVIDENCE FROM AN EMERGING MARKET
This study investigates the impact of earnings variability and regulatory measures on income smoothing practices among Indian banks listed on the National Stock Exchange (NSE) during the period 2010–2018. Using Loan Loss Provisions (LLPs) as a proxy for earnings management, the research explores whether Indian banks engage in discretionary provisioning to stabilize profits. Secondary data were obtained from Reserve Bank of India (RBI) publications, bank annual reports, and the CMIE Prowess IQ database. Panel regression techniques were applied to examine the relationships among loan loss provisions, earnings before tax and provisions (EBTP), capital adequacy ratio (CAR), non-performing assets (NPA), total loans (TL), bank size, and GDP growth. The findings reveal that Indian banks employ income-smoothing practices to maintain stable earnings, particularly in years of high profits or increased credit risk. However, Basel III norms and the RBI’s prudential regulations have reduced the extent of earnings manipulation. The study recommends strengthened monitoring and transparency mechanisms to promote fair reporting and ensure financial system stability.
DETERMINANTS OF GOLD PRICE MOVEMENTS IN INDIA
Gold occupies a central role in India’s financial and cultural landscape, serving both as a traditional store of value and a modern investment asset. This study examines the determinants influencing gold price movements in India over the last decade, emphasizing the interlinkages among the Indian Rupee–US Dollar exchange rate, global crude oil prices, and domestic inflation trends. Using monthly time-series data from 2015 to 2025 derived from sources such as the World Gold Council, Reserve Bank of India, and the World Bank, the analysis applies correlation and regression techniques to explore short- and long-term dynamics. The results reveal a strong positive relationship between gold prices and the USD/INR exchange rate, suggesting that currency depreciation significantly raises domestic gold prices. Inflation shows a moderate positive association, while crude oil price fluctuations indirectly affect gold through their impact on inflation and current account balances. The study also compares recent trends in gold and equity markets, noting a simultaneous surge driven by global economic uncertainty, geopolitical tensions, and hedging demand. The findings provide insights for investors, policymakers, and researchers into how macroeconomic factors interact to shape India’s gold market behavior and its implications for portfolio diversification and financial stability.
PSYCHOLOGY IN STRATEGY AND MANAGEMENT: THE INVISIBLE ARCHITECTURE OF DECISION-MAKING
This paper explores the pivotal role of psychology in shaping strategic and managerial decisions across corporate and policy landscapes. While strategy is traditionally framed through logic and data, the human mind—its biases, motivations, and emotional undercurrents—forms the invisible architecture behind every choice. The discussion spans cognitive biases, mental models, and emotional intelligence, illustrating how psychological forces influence strategic thinking, leadership behavior, and cross-cultural management. Through real-world examples from the pharmaceutical industry and global alliances, the paper highlights how empathy, identity, and neuropsychological responses to uncertainty redefine competitive advantage. Ultimately, it argues that mastering strategy and management requires mastering the cognitive, emotional, and cultural dimensions of human behavior.
“REVAMPING EDUCATION THROUGH DIGITALIZATION”
In this gloomy picture of education in India, the ICT revolution has paved the way to introduce some breakthroughs in different spheres. Today education through digitalization has made tremendous changes in the higher education of the country; Digitalization plays a pivotal role in the economic development of the country. In the present scenario digital transformation in education is one of the important sectors to witness revolutionary changes in the world. The increase in digital technology corresponds with the increase in the use of technology in both virtual and real-life classrooms although many advantages come with digitalized learning. This article tries to present that how the technology brought up changes in recent times through traditional methods was once characterized manually sitting through hour-long to up gradation without any visual presentation. Purpose: The Aim of this paper is to investigate how digitalization could set up in order to be a successfully digitalized education and to examine the demographic and other factors having that influence for an increase in the use of digital technologies in the field of education. Methodology: The researcher collected 100 samples by using questionnaires included demographic profile of respondents and closed-ended questions and open ended questions regarding the factors on a 5 point Likert scale. The study analyzed by using Cramer’s Value and One-Way ANOVAs Test. Findings: The study investigates the status and developmental trends through the application of technology in higher education. The study found that the present student generation is well-versed with computer systems, laptops, i-pads, and smart phones, these innovative e-learning methods of teaching makes the participation of students more in technology,
STRESS MANAGEMENT AND WORK-LIFE BALANCE AMONG KITCHEN STAFF IN LUXURY HOTELS
Generally speaking, this dissertation delves into the complex relationship between how kitchen staff in luxury hotels deal with stress and how they balance their work and personal lives. It’s worth remembering that this particular sector is, in most cases, known for environments that put a lot of pressure on its employees, significantly affecting their overall well-being. The study, employing a mixed-methods approach [citeX], merges quantitative data concerning stress levels and work-life balance metrics with qualitative perspectives gleaned from the lived experiences of the kitchen staff themselves. The insights reveal that when stress management strategies are inadequate, they tend to correlate with increased stress levels and a noticeable imbalance between work and personal life, which negatively impacts both mental health and job satisfaction. Moreover, participants reported that effective stress management techniques, such as emotional support systems and diverse coping strategies, noticeably improved their work-life balance, ultimately contributing to increased overall well-being [extractedKnowledgeX]. These results underscore the need for luxury hotel management to prioritize mental health resources and implement structured stress management programs -- a critical element often overlooked. Now, the significance of this research isn’t confined to the hospitality industry alone; it also contributes to the broader healthcare conversation by underscoring the importance of addressing occupational stress, particularly in sectors characterized by high pressure. By fostering, where possible, a healthier work environment, the findings suggest potential reductions in burnout and turnover rates [citeX], which would enhance employee retention and, of course, productivity. The study not only emphasizes the importance of psychological health within hospitality contexts but also champions the adoption of similar approaches across a range of high-stress professions, positioning stress management as an absolutely vital component of effective employee health strategies within contemporary healthcare discussions.
ASSESSING BLOCK CHAIN’S ROLE IN ENHANCING EFFICIENCY, TRANSPARENCY, AND SECURITY IN INDIAN BANKING
The financial world has been changed by blockchain technology, which improves security, openness, and speed. This research evaluates the block chain’s potential to change the Indian banking system, focusing on its ability to fix flaws, boost security, and help more people get access to money. Leading Indian banks like SBI, Punjab National Bank (PNB), ICICI Bank, HDFC Bank, Axis Bank, and foreign banks like HSBC and Citibank were looked at to see how they integrated blockchain technology., this research highlights real-world applications, operational benefits, and challenges faced in large-scale implementation. The study employs descriptive and exploratory research methodologies, utilizing primary and secondary data collection methods. Surveys, structured interviews, and case studies were conducted with banking professionals, fintech experts, and customers, while secondary data from regulatory reports, white papers, and blockchain implementations was analyzed. This study explores the impact, opportunities, and challenges of blockchain in banking, emphasizing its role in enhancing security and reliability. It highlights research gaps in blockchain adoption, regulatory implications, and financial reporting. Future research should focus on blockchain implementation in banking, regulatory frameworks, and its relevance in emerging economies.Key findings indicate that blockchain significantly enhances transaction security, fraud prevention, operational efficiency, and regulatory compliance in Indian banking. However, technological, regulatory, and infrastructural barriers remain critical challenges. The study emphasizes that in order to speed up adoption, scalable blockchain solutions, regulatory frameworks, and hybrid financial models are required. For blockchain technology to reach its full potential in banking, future studies should examine its scalability and interoperability.
ANALYSING THE DETERMINANTS OF FINTECH ADOPTION AMONG BANKING CUSTOMERS: A STUDY IN THE CONTEXT OF SIKKIM
Financial Transactions have been developing rapidly for the past decade especially in India. Financial Transactions have grown into a Digital space wherein transactions hare being conducted on a Daily basis by the populace Digitally. Government Initiatives like Digital India and the growth in Internet, Smartphone accessibility has been instrumental in leading to a growth in Digital Financial Transactions. During 2023-24 Digital transaction amounting to 18,737 cr, were accounted in India with a CAGR of 44%. However, many factors affecting the adoption and awareness of Digital financial transaction. Therefore, this paper seeks to identify the factors affecting Digital Financial Transaction in Sikkim Alongside it seeks to study the level of awareness of Digital transaction payment gateways in the state of Sikkim. For the purpose of the study the data was collected via self-structured questionnaire among 350 banking customers in all districts of Sikkim. Factor analysis and Hypothesis test have been conducted in SPSS 20.0 software of Data analysis. It was found that there are majorly 5 factors that affect the adoption of Financial Transaction namely Perceived Usefulness, Digital Infrastructure, Reliability, Accessibility and Security It was also indicate that banking customers have a moderate awareness towards Digital Financial transaction payment gateways. The study has indicated that there exists a substantial number of new users of Digital transaction gateways and it also has a good retention rate as there exists a huge existing customer base. This paper enables future studies to expand their knowledge on Digital financial transaction gateways and its relation with economic growth along with explore the differences among various socio-economic groups in the State of Sikkim.
ARE YOU MANAGING PEOPLE OR LEADING THEM?
Today’s business world moves fast, and knowing the difference between managing and leading is more important than ever. Management is about planning, organizing, and making sure resources run smoothly. Leadership, on the other hand, is about inspiring and energizing people so everyone works toward a shared goal. As we deal with today’s complicated organizations, we need to see that solid leadership can spark success, encourage new ideas, and build a great workplace culture. In this piece, we’ll break down the differences between the two roles and show how a management style grounded in leadership can take a business to the next level.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN IDENTIFYING CONSUMER BEHAVIOR: A TRANSFORMATIONAL APPROACH IN MODERN MARKETING
Artificial Intelligence (AI) has revolutionized the way businesses understand and predict consumer behavior. By leveraging vast amounts of data and advanced algorithms, AI enables companies to identify patterns, preferences, and trends in consumer actions that were previously difficult to detect through traditional methods. This article explores how AI technologies, such as machine learning, predictive analytics, and natural language processing (NLP), are transforming the ability to understand and anticipate consumer behavior. The paper examines AI's role in personalizing customer experiences, improving marketing strategies, and driving more effective business decisions. It also discusses the challenges of integrating AI into marketing practices and the future potential of AI in consumer behavior analysis.
TOURISTS’ PERCEPTION ON DESTINATION QUALITY: AN ANALYSIS USING IMPORTANCE-PERFORMANCE GRID IN KERALA
Culinary tourism plays an important role in promoting local culture, boosting the economy, and enhancing the travel experiences of tourists. As food becomes a key reason for travel, culinary tourism helps destinations stand out and attract visitors seeking authentic and memorable experiences. Destination quality consists of number of attributes, including cleanliness, safety, infrastructure, hospitality, and attractions, which plays an important role in shaping tourist experience, their decision to revisit the destination, and satisfaction. The present study analyses the perception of tourists on 27 attributes of culinary destination based on the theory of Smith and Costello (2008). The analysis is based on the Importance-Performance Analysis following Martilla and James (1977) theory. The study classified the attributes into four quadrants, particularly focusing on the low performance-high importance quadrant. Nine attributes - cooking methods, knowledgeable staff, safety and hygiene standards, cultural experiences, culinary knowledge, friendly service, event information, nightlife, and cooking showcases – were found to be areas where the destinations need to improve their performance to enhance customer satisfaction. The study contributes to existing literature and proposes theoretical and practical approaches for practitioners and policy makers for enriching tourist experience.
HOW DO TECHNOLOGY-DRIVEN PLATFORMS AND DIGITAL MARKETING STRATEGIES INFLUENCE CONSUMER BEHAVIOR AND BUSINESS GROWTH IN THE HOME DÉCOR INDUSTRY?
Home Decor Industry is being revolutionized by the speed of technology-backed platforms and digital marketing campaigns. This paper encapsulates the effect of such technologies on business expansion and customer activity in the industry. Since the advent of e-commerce, social media, and even newer technologies such as augmented reality (AR), artificial intelligence (AI), the process of how customers come across, find out about, and buy home decor has been completely overhauled. Instagram, Pinterest, TikTok are some of the major platforms for inspiration and engagement, and AR apps such as IKEA Place and Wayfair's Virtual Room Planner enhance the purchasing process by enabling customers to see products in their own space. It is digital marketing practices such as influencer partnerships, customized advice, and market insights that are becoming the customer opinions and sales drivers. AI technology is helping companies provide personalized shopping experiences, which are raising customer satisfaction levels and loyalty. However, the industry is also faced with data privacy, market saturation, policy implementation for sustainability. The report points out the embracement of digital strategies by companies in order to meet the demands of local consumers and evolving trends in an attempt to stay competitive. Through technology, companies are capable of accessing learning and adapting to demand patterns in the local markets in an attempt to drive customer engagement and growth. According to the report, the future of the home decor market is at the intersection of digital innovation, sustainability, and tailored customer experiences that will bring long-term success in an increasingly digitalizing market.
STRATEGIC RESTRUCTURING OF INDIAN OIL PSUS: A DIGITAL PATHWAY TOWARD SUSTAINABLE COMPETITIVENESS
The Indian oil industry remains significantly influenced by state-run companies and is facing challenges to keep pace with the global evolution of energy driven by sustainability and digitalization. This study examines the strategic reconfiguration of major oil PSUs in India—IOC, BPCL, and HPCL—with a focus on digital transformation. The research utilizes a mixed-method approach which combines qualitative content analysis of annual and policy report interviews with quantitative benchmarking of peers from the rest of the world. The applied analysis uses SWOT and Balanced Scorecard methodologies to assess digital, sustainability, and competitive reframing. Major findings indicate that broad digital integration (adoption of ERP systems, AI-driven predictive maintenance, IoT-based supply chain management, and green technology) has significantly improved operational efficiency, environmental compliance, and stakeholder engagement. Structural governance, talent agility, policy priorities, and investment frameworks, however, still face persistent hurdles. The research pertains to the competitive public enterprise policy issues of emerging economies by proposing the establishment of a digitally framed magnified vision timeline, policy recalibrations, and tailored multifunctional capability enhancement strategies aimed at transitioning from reactive to proactive digitization.
CONSCIOUS TRAVEL: THE RISE OF ETHICAL CONSUMPTION IN INDIA'S TOURISM SECTOR
This dissertation examines the influence of ethical consumption behaviours among tourists on sustainability practices within Indias tourism sector, addressing the critical gap in understanding how travellers ethical preferences shape their choices and the subsequent ramifications for local economies and ecosystems. Through a mixed-methods approach encompassing qualitative interviews and quantitative surveys, the study identifies that tourists increasingly prioritize ethical considerations, such as fair trade and environmental conservation, influencing their destination selections and expenditure patterns. Key findings reveal that 72% of surveyed tourists were willing to pay a premium for sustainable tourism options, indicating a strong demand for ethical practices that could potentially enhance local livelihoods and promote ecological preservation. The significance of these findings stretches beyond tourism, suggesting that prioritizing ethical consumption can lead to improved health outcomes for local populations, as sustainable tourism practices contribute to better environmental health and social equity. Additionally, the insights derived from this research offer vital implications for stakeholders in the tourism and healthcare sectors, highlighting the potential for collaborative strategies that bridge ethical consumption with public health initiatives. By integrating ethical tourism practices with health-conscious policies, local governments and tourism operators can enhance not only the economic viability of the sector but also the holistic well-being of communities and ecosystems, ultimately fostering a more sustainable future within Indias tourism landscape.
Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Business & Management Science
HOW DOES SUPPLY CHAIN DIGITALIZATION IMPROVE OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY?
This paper explores the transformative impact of digitalization on supply chain operational efficiency. Traditional supply chains often suffer from limited visibility, manual errors, and slow responsiveness. By integrating advanced technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), blockchain, cloud computing, and digital twins, businesses are reshaping their logistics and operational frameworks. The study identifies how these technologies enhance process automation, traceability, real-time analytics, and decision-making accuracy. Additionally, it highlights key performance indicators (KPIs) improved through digital integration and discusses real-world case studies showcasing the benefits in forecasting accuracy, inventory management, and sustainability. While the digital shift offers considerable efficiency gains, the paper also addresses challenges such as high implementation costs, data security concerns, and workforce adaptability. The findings affirm that strategic digital transformation enables companies to build resilient, responsive, and efficient supply chains aligned with modern market demands.
Copyright (c) 2024 International Journal of Business & Management Science
A STUDY ON GLOBALIZATION AND LOCALIZATION STRATEGY (GLOCAL STRATEGY) BALANCING GLOBAL EXPANSION WITH LOCAL RELEVANCE
In an increasingly interconnected world, businesses face the dual challenge of expanding globally while remaining locally relevant—a dynamic known as the Glocal Strategy. This approach combines the broad reach of globalization with the customization of localization to deliver products and services that resonate across diverse markets. This paper explores how multinational corporations (MNCs) effectively integrate global efficiencies with local responsiveness by adapting marketing, operations, and organizational practices to specific cultural, economic, and regulatory environments. Through real-world case studies and strategic analysis, the study highlights key success factors such as cultural intelligence, decentralized decision-making, and agile supply chains. Ultimately, glocalization emerges as a critical strategy for achieving competitive advantage in today's complex global marketplace, enabling firms not only to scale but also to connect meaningfully with local consumers.
RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF CORPORATE FAILURES – EVALUATING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ALTMAN Z-SCORE, ZMIJEWSKI,GROVER & SPRINGATE MODELS FOR CAPTURING FINANCIAL DISTRESS IN NSE-LISTED COMPANIES OF INDIA
This study evaluates the predictive accuracy of various financial distress models, including the Traditional Altman Z-Score (ZSO), Modern Z-Score (ZSN), Emerging Market Z-Score (ZEM), Zmijewski, Grover, and Springate models, in identifying financial distress in NSE-listed companies in India. The Traditional ZSO-Model demonstrated superior reliability, accurately predicting distress five years prior to the collapse of all eight analyzed companies, achieving a 100% accuracy rate. Conversely, the ZSN and ZEM models each exhibited a 62.5% accuracy rate, accurately predicting distress for only five out of eight companies. The Zmijewski model proved the most reliable among its peers, accurately predicting distress for six companies, whereas the Grover and Springate models displayed moderate accuracy. These findings suggest that while the Traditional Altman Z-Score model is highly effective for early distress prediction, the Modern and Emerging Market models require further refinement. Practitioners are recommended to utilize the Traditional model as the primary tool for financial distress prediction, with other models serving as supplementary aids. Continuous validation is essential to maintain model effectiveness in dynamic marketenvironments.
A BIBLIOMETRIC STUDY OF SUSTAINABILITY AND ECO-FRIENDLY PRODUCTS' DEVELOPMENT, PRESENT STATUS, AND FUTURE.
Eco conscious goods are necessary for a green future. There is a lack of knowledge about consumer intention towards sustainable goods.The research gaps impedes translation of availability of eco friendly goods into actual consumer. The study examines the corpus of research on green products and consumer attitudes toward them using bibliometric analysis. I created tables using R Studio and performed a globalization of the topic mapping using VosViewer. The result shows that available literature defined in four parts ; In the first section, Most locally cited scientific studies about environmentally friendly products. In the second section, The frequency of journals having the most papers on environmentally friendly items. In the third section, Authors offering more articles on environmentally friendly goods. The fourth section depicts the nature of collaboration that is evident in the publications of green products..By delving into these intricacies, the research aims to contribute valuable insights to marketers, retailers, and policymakers navigating the ever-evolving landscape of consumer preferences and sustainability in the realm of personal care products. Join me on this intellectual journey into the minds of modern consumers as we unravel the threads connecting green intentions, retail dynamics, and online influences.
Integrating a Research-Based Happiness Algorithm into Social Media Platforms for Enhanced Digital Well-being
This paper explores the integration of the HAPPI v1.0 happiness algorithm into social media platforms and digital ecosystems to monitor and enhance user well-being. Building upon empirical findings from positive psychology, behavioural science, and the World Happiness Report, the study proposes a method for tracking and influencing happiness in real-time through digital behavior. By combining passive digital usage data with active user feedback and AI-driven sentiment analysis, we propose a hybrid system to measure happiness indicators and suggest personalized well-being interventions.
ROLE OF AWARENESS ON GREEN PRACTICES OF EVENT MANAGERS
Climate change poses a significant threat to Kerala, demanding immediate and sustained action at multiple levels of society. In this context, environmental awareness has emerged as a key driver influencing sustainable practices, especially in resource-intensive sectors such as event management. This study investigates the role of environmental awareness in shaping the adoption of green business practices among event management firms in Ernakulam district, Kerala. A structured interview schedule was used to collect primary data from 50 event management firms, selected using purposive sampling. The study employed descriptive analysis and non-parametric tests to assess the level of environmental awareness and the extent of green practice adoption across different types of organizations. Findings reveal a high level of environmental awareness among event managers, which strongly correlates with the implementation of green practices such as eco-friendly procurement, waste management, and sustainable transportation. Furthermore, the level of awareness and the degree of green practice adoption significantly vary based on the organizational type. The study highlights the critical role of environmental awareness in promoting sustainable event practices and suggests that targeted awareness programs and policy support can further strengthen green transitions in the event management industry.
EVALUATING THE TRANSFORMATIVE POTENTIAL OF BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY IN INDIA’S BANKING SECTOR: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
The banking sector in India is undergoing a rapid digital transformation, driven by the need for enhanced security, transparency, and efficiency in financial transactions. Blockchain technology, with its decentralized and immutable ledger system, offers a paradigm shift in how banking operations are conducted. This study explores the transformative potential of blockchain technology in India's banking sector, focusing on its applications, benefits, challenges, and future implications. By leveraging blockchain, banks can enhance transaction security, reduce fraud, streamline cross-border payments, and improve regulatory compliance through smart contracts and real-time auditing mechanisms. Furthermore, block chain’s capability to eliminate intermediaries reduces operational costs and accelerates transaction processing, making financial services more accessible and inclusive, particularly for the unbanked and under banked populations in India. This paper critically examines the role of blockchain technology in transforming the Indian banking system, its possible applications, challenges, and future prospects
HOW DO GOVERNMENT POLICIES AFFECT INNOVATION AND TECHNOLOGICAL ADOPTION IN SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES (SMES)?
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) are one of the major drivers of economic developement. However they have to face several challenges when it comes to adopting new technologies. These are mainly due to limited financial resources as well as complex regulations, making it tough for them to keep up with advancements. This study looks into the impact of government policies on SME innovation and technology adoption in terms of financial incentives and regulatory reforms, as well as collaborative initiatives. Through case studies and comparative analysis, successful implementations of policies are highlighted with the critical obstacles identified that have resulted in damaging the growth of SMEs. Well-designed policies, including streamlined regulations and funding availability, will help SMEs innovate and compete heavily in a digital economy; however, the extent cannot be realized under inefficiencies in policy execution. This paper, through evidence, recommends policymakers to develop a nurturing ecosystem for sustained SME innovation
"HOW HAS THE IMPLEMENTATION OF AI-DRIVEN ALGORITHMS IMPROVED THE ACCURACY OF FINANCIAL FORECASTING MODELS AND ENHANCED THE PERFORMANCE OF INVESTMENT STRATEGIES IN THE STOCK MARKET OVER THE PAST FIVE YEARS?"
AI has been a game changer in the financial world, especially with regard to prediction and investment strategies. Algorithms driven by AI over the past 5 years have improved decision making, data handling and predictions. Manual calculation based forecasting using historical data would not be able to address the complexities and rapid changes of the market. But with machine learning and deep learning, AI has really made an impact using really big data, globally including market sentiment at speeds and accuracy never before possible. AI investment in the financial industry amounted to 35 billion by 2023, with 21 billion of this amount being funded by banks. Thousands of financial reports are monitored in real time by AI tools like BlackRock’s Aladdin platform and provide actionable insights for proactive decisions and risk management. AI also enhances portfolio management and algorithmic trading systems, delivers more reliable forecasts of the future and investment strategies that better withstand economic shocks. And, it turns out that those built on AI can perform better than those built on foundries, to put it another way. There are many other challenges including but not limited to data quality, model transparency and ethical concerns. AI models like any other models are only as good as the data they are fed with. The competitive nature of these algorithms makes it hard to be accountable to identify if the algorithms are indeed fair. But these challenges must be met as AI continues to shape the future of financial forecasts and investment strategies.